Multi Camera Job Roles

Camera Operator

The camera operator is in charge of making sure that the footage is recorded. They also need to make sure that the right shot type and the angle is used when they are recording such as if they were needed to focus on one person in a TV set then would have a close up or a mid shot so that the focus is on them and the audience knows that that is the main area to look out. They are also in charge of keeping hold of the camera,the tripod and the memory card and transporting the equipment around and making sure that it does not get damaged.

Duties

The camera operator has to make sure that the correct footage is filmed in the right way otherwise they might have to record it or they could loose their job because they have not done what they are supposed to do.They also have to make sure that the footage is up to a good standard because if the camera is wobbling or the footage is blurry and not focused where it needs to be then they might need to re record it as well. When recording the camera operator might also need to make adjustments to their filming for example if they were recording a live TV show the director might tell them that they need to move the camera in a certain way and then they would be required to do that to make sure that the footage is correct.

Skills

One skill that is needed to be a camera operator would be that they would need to have a steady hand because if they were filming without a tripod or any support and the camera was really shaky  the quality would look bad. Another skill that would be needed is that they would need to get the frame of the shot correct and know all the camera language such as the type of shots for example the rule of thirds and know shots such as long shot, mid shot, close up etc and also know the types of movements such as pan,tilt and track, another piece of camera language they would need to know would be angles such as high angles and low angles.They would need to make sure that they know what sort of equipment hey need to use for example if they were filming in a TV set then would need to use cameras on tripods and cameras which are specifically used for TV sets but if they were filming something like football them they would need to have cameras which are good quality from a distance.

Qualification

You don need to have any qualifications to be a camera man you just need to know the basics such as shot types and how to use a camera and the equipment but if you wanted to go in to TV production you would need qualifications such as HND Diploma in Creative Media Production (Media Moving image) and BA (Hons) Media and Communication 

Hierarchy

The people that are in charge of the camera operators would be the director because they need to be told where to have the camera and if they get told by the director to move the camera for example they might need to move it to the left then the camera operator would have to do that because the director is higher in hierarchy.But the camera operator is not in charge of anyone.


Sound Mixer

A sound mixer is in charge of all the sound such as the cast microphones,the music and and SFX. They would use a mixer to make alterations to the sound such as muting the mics when they are not needed or making the music louder or turning it down.

Duties

A duty that they are required to do would be before they start recording they would need to check that all the equipment sound is what it needs to be for example they would test that the mics are at the right level depending on how loud the person talks.Another duty is when they are on a TV set and they are about to play a video they would need to make sure that the presenters mics have been put on mute and the sound for the video is turned up and when the video ends fade the music out and turn the mics up to the right level. The third duty for a sound mixer would be that they are in charge of making sure that any pre recorded sound is cue'd in such as music or sound effects at the right time.

Skills

A skill for a sound mixer would be that you need to know how to fix  technical sound problems before or during the production. Another skill for a sound mixer would need to be that you can fade in and out music because if you were to just cut out the music it doesn't sound right but if you are able to fade it out it sounds better. A third skill that would be required for a sound mixer would be that they would need to have a good sense of hearing because if they cant hear that well then they might know if the sound is being played to low or to high.

Qualifications

Qualifications that would be necessary to be a sound mixer would be that you need to have at least 5 years of experience in sound as a boom mixer or a technician before going on to sound mixing. If you wanted to go in to TV production you would need qualifications such as HND Diploma in Creative Media Production (Media Moving image) and BA (Hons) Media and Communication 

Hierarchy 

The person that would in charge of the sound mixer would be the floor manager because he would tell them when to cue the music and if it necessary for the sound to be turn't up or to be turned down. But the sound mixer would not be in charge of anyone.

Vision Mixer

The vision mixer is the person who person who edits the footage as it is going on such as changing the camera,changing to graphics or pre recorded videos.


Duties

A duty for a vision mixer is to put a pre recorded video or graphic in to the video such as at the start of as show they would add the graphic at the start which has the title of the show on it. Another duty of a vision mixer is to make sure that they have all the graphics and footage pre pared and ready to be used before the production starts so when they are needed they will be able to put them up straight away. A third duty of a vision mixer is that when they show footage they would need to make sure that it is on for the correct time and also to make sure that if they need to fade the video out they do or if they just need to cut it they do.


Skills

You would need to have a understand of how the vision mixer works and also if there were any faults before or during the production you would need to be able to sort out the problems quickly. You would need to save a good sense of rhythm because if you change what camera you are going to see to quickly or not enough then it will get boring so when someone is talking you could change it to a close up of them and then after change it to a long shot of everything.

Qualifications

You don't need any qualifications to become a vision mixer but a qualification in media such as GCSE or degree can benefit you, if you was to go in to TV you would need qualification such as HND Diploma in Creative Media Production (Media Moving image) and BA (Hons) Media and Communication


Hierarchy 

the job that would be in charge the vision mixer would be the floor manager because they would tell them when graphics or footage is needed to be shown and tell them when they need to take it away. A vision mixer would not be in charge of anyone and wouldn't need to tell anyone to do anything.


Director

Duties

A duty for a director would be that they would have to point to the cameras to tell the presenter or people on stage. Another duty would be that if a camera would need to be moved then they would tell the camera operator that they need to move and tell them how they need to move it. They would also need to count in the presenters when the show is about to start or the return of the video.

Skills

You would need to have a good sense of timing because when the presenters are about to come back on camera you would need to count them in correctly. A director would need to have creative skills of how the producer wants the footage to be shown and make sure that he footage is shown to a good standard. You would need to be a good team leader because you will be the person everyone would look to for help when recording and you would need to be able to help them.

Qualifications 

You do not need any qualifications to become a  director but if you were to go in to TV production then you would need to have qualifications such as HND Diploma in Creative Media Production (Media Moving image) and BA (Hons) Media and Communication.

Hierarchy

The director is at the top of the hierarchy and is in charge of people such as camera operators and the presenters.


Set Designer

Duties

The set designer is in charge of creating the whole set and they have to make sure that the set of the show is what the producer wants such as the lay out of the furniture and the colours of things used in the back ground of the set. Another duty for the set designer would be to sort out problems of the set such as lighting or scene changes.

Skills

The skill designer would need to have a creative mind and would need to create a set for a show which is what the producer wants to have but make it different from other shows. You would need to be good at drawing because when you are planning the design you would need to show what your ideas are clearly. A skill for the set designer would be that you need a good eye for detail and make sure that you don't miss any bits of detail which could make the set look wrong or add more detail to make the set look better.

Qualifications

To be a set designer you don't need any qualifications but it would be help full to have background subjects such as Art or Media. You could also have degrees in these subjects to help you become a set designer.

Hierarchy

The set designer would not be in charge of anyone but the producer would tell them what they want and how they want the set to look like.



Lighting Desk

Duties

The lighting desk is in control of the lighting for the set so if the cameras footage was not clear they would add a light behind the camera so that the footage comes out clearer. They would also be in charge of fading out the camera. They could also use different colored lights to help the show fit the genre of set the mood of the show. They would be in charge of the lighting desk console which can control the lights and the brightness they are.

Skills

A skill for this job would be that they need to know the brightness of the set and what parts of the set they would need to change the lighting of to make it more visible.You would need to know how to use the lighting desk because if you needed to change the lighting through the recording of the show and you didn't know how to use the console to make sure that the problem is fixed.

Qualifications

You do not need any qualifications to become a sound mixer but a qualification such as GCSES, A Levels or a Degree would benefit you because you would have more knowledge of what you are required to do

Hierarchy

The lighting desk is not in charge of anyone but the job that would be in charge of the lighting desk would be the director and the floor manager because they would be the person that would tell the lighting desk if they need to make any changes.


Floor Manager

Duties

They would need to make sure that all of the equipment in the gallery is working correctly such as the sound mixer, lighting desk and graphic operator. They also need to give the staff on the set and on the floor count downs such as when they are about to record or come back from a graphic.They need to understand the entire show and would need to know what is going to happen when so that they can cue the staff in the gallery in.

Skills

One skill that would be required for the floor manager would be that they need to have confidence because they would need to tell other people want to and they would be in charge of the gallery. Another skill would be that they need to have good timing because they would need to count in the so the director can tell the cameras and presenters when they are about to start. A third skill would be that they need to multi task because they would be watching what is happening but also need to check on the equipment to make sure that footage is correct.

Qualifications

You do not need any qualifications to be a floor manager but if you had experience in media or recording before then that would benefit you.

Hierarchy

The floor manager is in charge of most people such as the cameras and everyone in the gallery ad also no one is in charge of the floor manager.



Graphics Generation

Duties

A duty for a graphic designer would be that they would need to create the graphics for the TV show such as the loading screen or any on screen graphics when recording.Another duty would be that they would have to create the graphics but make sure that they are related to the genre and type of TV show. They would also need to make sure that there aren't any green in the graphics other wise they wont show if the set has a green screen used.

Skills

A skill that is required for a graphics generator is that they will need to have a creative mind to make their graphics look good. Also they would need to have knowledge of programs such as Photo Shop. A third skill would be knowing what fonts or colours work well together to make the graphics look the best they can

Qualifications

You don't need any qualifications to create graphics but knowledge in the programs used such as photo shop would help.

Hierarchy

The person that would be in charge of the graphic generator would be the producer because they would tell them what they want on their graphics but the graphic generator is not in charge of anyone.


VT Operator

Duties

A duty for the VT operator would be that they are required to play the pre recorded footage when it is necessary to be played. Another duty that is required for the VT operator would be that they need to know when to play the certain videos and how long they need to play it for.

Skills

A skill that would help for VT operator would be having good timing because you need to know when to play the video.

Qualifications

You do not need any qualifications to become a VT operator but doing subjects such as media can help you have more of a understanding.

Hierarchy

The VT Operator is not in charge of anyone but the floor manager is in charge and would tell them when they need to play the videos.


Presenter

Duties

The duties of the presenter would be to host the show and then talk about the show and introduce the topic they are talking about. They would also introduce guests on to the show and then ask questions about them. A third duty would be to look at the correct cameras when they are recording

Skills

A skill required for a presenter would be to be confident in front of camera and not get so nervous that they cant do it. They would also need to have good memory when it comes to their lines because they wont be able to read from their script.


Qualifications

You don't need any qualifications to be a presenter but it would help you if you were experience in live recordings so you know what to do or subjects like drama where you can act a certain way according to the genre and script.

Hierarchy

The director is in charge of the presenter because they tell the presenter where they need to look and also count them in, the presenter is not in charge of anyone though.


Sources Used-http://creativeskillset.org/creative_industries/tv/job_roles/289_camera_assistant_portable_single_camera 

http://creativeskillset.org/creative_industries/tv/job_roles/313_sound_supervisor_tv
http://creativeskillset.org/creative_industries/tv/job_roles/318_vision_mixer
https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/setdesigner.aspx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighting_control_console
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_floor_manager
http://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/departments/personnel/classification/descriptions/description.aspx?fn=6850-625

Multi Camera Format

Multi-Camera Format

Sports-WWE-0.00-3.00

Aesthetic- It is good to have multi camera because it can make it more interesting for the viewer to watch for example if something big is about to happen then there would a camera which would be closely filming that part so then it looks better when it happens and it makes the viewer focus on the part where the action is happening for example in this clip you can see this at 0.17 where the camera focus's on the wrestlers hitting each other which would be harder to focus on then if it was a long shot so where it is a close up then the viewer is able to see what is happening clearly. This also keeps the viewers interest because if they are able to see it in more detail then it is more likely to keep them engaged in to the show. This enhances representation of the fights such as at 0.38 there is a close up of John Cena's head which is bleeding which shows the risk that these people are taking and shows it is a dangerous sport but it also shows the wrestlers as people who wont give up and are willing to take risks to look good on TV . It also represents them as being in trouble and in pain because you can see him curled up trying to protect himself when his head is cut open you can see this at 2.49.

Practical- By having Multi Cameras it is possible for them to capture all of the footage and being able to get a variety of shots and angles to make it more interesting for the viewer to watch and also easier for the producer to show what is happening in more detail. it is also better because if you have a shot which shows the audiences reaction such as at 1:45 to something then it makes it more engaging for the viewer because then you could see other peoples reactions and if they were to get excited then the viewer could get excited as well. By having multi camera it is more likely to capture all the action because in WWE there are cameras that focus from different points and angles of the ring so this means that if one camera wont be able to capture it then another one will be able to you can see this at 1.49 because one of the wrestlers is under a bottom rope so one of the cameras moved so you could clearly see what was happening. When filming this there aren't any constraints because they perform in big arenas which are practical and are able to have cameras put in various locations to make sure that they can capture the action from every angle such as at *time code here* there are a variety of angles and shot types.




Concerts-Kayne West Made In America-0.00-3.00
Aesthetic- by using multi camera it keeps the viewers interest because they are able to see different angles and different locations such as the stage or close ups of the performer or the performers in the back ground, also you could see the crowds reaction so then the viewer would know what it would be like to see a concert which might convince them to go see one next time you can see the different shot types such as at 0.03 you can see the setting of the concert,the audience and the stage and then at 0.20 you can just see the stage and then it slowly zooms in to Kayne West and then changes to a close up of him at 0.44 which the means that the viewer is able to see him clearly and what he wears and the way he acts then you can see if visual style and mode of address

Practical-By using multi cameras at concerts you are able to capture all the action such as  the set and the performers such as the main artist and the dancers in the background such as at 0.07 you see the set of the concert and the audience at the performance and then the shot changes so you see a shot of just the stage at 0.13 which changes to a close up of the artist at 0.45 . So by using multi cameras it is easier to capture different shots of the whole concert because if you was to use one you would have to cut the footage more and keep having to zoom in and out but with multi cameras you only need to cut to the different cameras because they will focus on different things so the audience can  .










Public Events-Super Bowl Half Time Performance-0.44-3.44

Aesthetic- The mode of address for this would be exciting because it starts of in the dark with light figures of Beyonce then it lights up and there's a figure of her and you see her copying the figure at 1.07 this is also interesting for the viewer because it keeps them engaged in the work by not knowing what is going to happen and it is exciting because the way they used the lights to create a face at 1.00 and then the figure of her is clever because it is not something you see often done.This communicates to the viewer because it shows the characteristics of Beyonce because where it is bright orange lights and fireworks it shows that she has a fiery personality and then she shows this personality at 1.51 because the camera is a low angle which makes her look like a powerful character.

Practical- by using multi camera you were able to capture all the action her facial expressions which also shows her visual style such as at 1.59 there is a close up of her face which shows her fiery personality. at 2.21 there is a birds eye view shot of her which is good because where she is performing it means that there aren't any constraints and they are able to view in may places and different angles. Where it is a live event they can capture all the action having multi camera it is good because they are able to move around and make sure that they capture everything because they wouldn't be able to record it again because artists usually only perform once at one arena.

Game Shows-Total Wipe out-2.37-5.37


Aesthetic- By using multi camera it makes the game shows mode of address look exciting because it there is a mixture of angles and shot types and then there is movement around the obstacles such as at 0.23-0.26. Using multi camera keeps the viewers interest by making it a bit different because if you have the same shot over and over again it gets boring and when someone falls over it goes to a closer shot of the action because that is what people want to see. This communicates meaning to the viewer because where the multi camera makes the show look exciting it would appeal to them more and this means that it could also make them want to take part in the show themselves.

Practical- By using multi camera you are able to capture all the action such as when the person is on a certain obstetrical such as at 1.53 where you see a contender sliding down the ramp the shot changes to a close up of him going down the ramp.Where they are in a outside and open area there aren't any constraints so they would be able to film everything alright without having any struggles such as at 1.59 there is a camera which follows him from a high angle to the side which would be easier to film using multi camera because if they were in a tight space they might not of been able to get that angle and shot type. On a game show you need to have multi camera so you can capture all the live footage because where they only do the course once if you miss something you wouldn't be able to get that shot again so by using multi camera you are able to capture all the live action from different angles such as at 2.04-2.06 where he is doing a specific obstacle the camera changes when he gets to a specific point of the obstacle.

Magazine Shows-Top Gear-0.00-3.00

aesthetic- Using multi camera for a magazine show maintains viewers interest because on this show at 0.03 you see a close up Lewis Hamilton and then it changes to a shot of his car at 0.06 which is interesting because if you didn't know who he was then by showing the shot of the car tells the audience what he is known for, Which also communicates meaning to the viewer because Top Gear is about cars and the multi camera shows that by looking at the set of the show such as at 0.16 you can see other cars.

Practical- Using multi camera catches all the live action because there are shots such as close ups when they are talking and then when they are talking about something on set they will change to a shot of what they are talking about such as at 1.26. The aren't many constraints because they are quite a big set so they can get many shot types and angles such as at 1.40

Talent Show-BGT-1.3-4.30

Aesthetic- The mode of address shown by the multi camera is exciting because they use a variety of angles and shot types and also they speed it up to make it more exciting you can see this at 0.34-0.37. Multi camera maintains the viewers interest because it makes it look better because they rarely use the same shot for a long time or repeatedly such as at 0.43 and 0.46. It communicates meaning to the viewer because it shows the audience reaction such as at 1.18 which tells the viewer that it is exciting to watch and can also make them more interested in to the show.



Practical- Multi camera shows coverage of action because when the act comes on such as at 0.54 it changes to a shot of them and then at 0.53 you can see the judges reaction. The constraints of being where they are would be they can only film where the stands at because they wouldn't be able to put up any thing to put the cameras on like scaffolding or a wire such as at 1.19 the shot is from where the audience is sitting.


Chat Show- Jonathan Ross Show-3.22-6.22

Aesthetic- The mode of address shown by multi camera would be exciting because there are different types of shots such as long shots where you can see the whole set, the host and the guest such as at 3.45. There is also a variety of movement such as a pan at 3.35-3.38 to follow Lee Evans. Using multi camera on this show maintains the viewers interest because there is a variety of shots and movements such as when someone is laughing they will change it to a shot of them laughing such as at 3.54 Lee Evans is being funny and the multi camera shows that by changing to a shot of the other guests laughing. It communicates meaning to the viewer because the show is supposed to be funny and by having a variety of cameras you can catch all of the funny moments such as at 3.58 you see Lee Evans sitting in Johnathan Ross's chair and starts to smoke funny which catches the audience attention what he is doing because they use a shot where it is just him so the audience focuses on him.

Practical- Multi camera shows coverage of action because when Lee Evans comes on he comes on from the side but it was off set so by having multi cameras they were still able to capture him coming on because they would of been able to have a camera they can move you can see this at 3.34. The constraints of this would be that they cannot capture many high angle shots or low angle shots because of the way the set is but they use a variety of shots to make up the angles that they cannot use.